開放英語1基礎(chǔ)語法(代詞)

單擊此處編輯母版標(biāo)題樣式,單擊此處編輯母版文本樣式,第二級,第三級,第四級,第五級,*,代詞,概述,代詞(pronoun/pron.)：代替名詞、數(shù)詞等,如we/many,分類如下：,人稱代詞：,I/he/she/you/they/we,物主代詞：,my/his/her/your/their/our,反身代詞,:myself/himself/yourself,指示代詞,:this/that/these/those/such,疑問代詞,:who/what/which/whom/whose,關(guān)系代詞,:who/whom/whose/which/that,連接代詞,:what/who/whom/which/whoever,不定代詞,:some-/any-/no-,代詞的部分語法功能與名詞一致，可以在句中充當(dāng)主語、賓語、表語、補(bǔ)語和同位語,另外有的還做定語，如形容詞性物主代詞、指示代詞等,人稱代詞,主格,I,He/she/it,You,We,They,在主語的位置,賓格,Me,Him/her/it,You,Us,Them,作為動詞或介詞的賓語,人稱代詞的使用,1 當(dāng)兩個以上的人稱并列時，順序為第二、第三、第一人稱,You,he and I are all college students.,Your brother and I both like music.,are you and he going to England on holiday?,2 作表語時,在正式的場合用主格,口語中一般用賓格,Who is it？,Its me.,It 的用法,1 代替上下文出現(xiàn)的非生命的單數(shù)名詞,I like the book very much.It is very interesting.,2 作主語，表示時間、距離、價錢、天氣等,Its 9 oclock now.,It will be fine tomorrow.,3 做形式主語或賓語,Its good to see you.,We feel it better that we did that right now.,4 強(qiáng)調(diào)句中作引導(dǎo)詞，引出需要強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分,It was his work during the weekend that exhausted him.,物主代詞,形容詞性,My,His/her/its,Your,Our,Their,作定語,名詞性,Mine,His/hers/its,Yours,Ours,Theirs,相當(dāng)于名詞，作主、賓或表語,使用,形容詞性修飾之后名詞/代詞，作為定語,名詞性的可以獨立使用，作為主語、賓語、表語等,He put on,his,clothes.,May I borrow,your,pen?,Yours,(=your pen)writes better than,mine,(=my pen).,反身代詞,Myself,Himself/herself/itself,Yourself,Ourselves,Yourselves,Themselves,注意復(fù)數(shù)人稱有復(fù)數(shù)形式,使用,1 做賓語表示動作對象是動作的執(zhí)行者本身,She had to look after herself.,她的自己照料自己（主語和賓語是同一人）,2 強(qiáng)調(diào)親自，作同位語，位置靈活，可以省略,I have talked to her myself,我親自和她談過了。,或I myself have talked to her.,3 在某些短語中，如,by oneself 獨自地,For oneself 替自己,為自己,相互代詞,Each other,One another,作為賓語,For years the two sisters looked after one another/each other.,多年來姊妹兩人相互照顧。,指示代詞,This,that,These,Those,不定代詞,代替或修飾任何不定數(shù)量或不定范圍內(nèi)的人或事，有,All,another,any(-thing,-body,-one),both,each,either,every(-thing,-body,-one),few,little,many,much,neither,no(-thing,-body,-one),none,one,other,some(-thing,-body,-one),表示兩個人（或物）,Both 兩者（都）表示肯定,Neither兩者（都不）表示否定,Either 兩者中的任一個，表示肯定,作主語、賓語、定語,Both of you are right.,Neither seat is occupied.（占用）,You make take either road,All/each/every-/some/any,All 所有/全體，代替可數(shù)名詞時，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)；不可數(shù)名詞時，用單數(shù),Each 每一個，強(qiáng)調(diào)個體，謂語動詞用單數(shù),Every(-thing,-body,-one）每個（事/人），謂語動詞用單數(shù),Some 一些，常用在肯定句，代替可數(shù)名詞，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)；不可數(shù)名詞時，用單數(shù),some(-thing,-body,-one）一些事情/人，常用于肯定句，謂語動詞用單數(shù),Any 一些，常用在否定和疑問句，代替可數(shù)名詞時，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)；不可數(shù)名詞時，用單數(shù),any(-thing,-body,-one）一些事情/人，常用于否定/疑問句，謂語動詞用單數(shù),使用注意,Any/any(-thing,-body,-one）也可以用在肯定句，表示“任何/任何事情（人）,凡帶-thing,-body,-one的不定代詞，其形容詞修飾語一律放在后面，如something good/bad,Another/other（s）,單數(shù),復(fù)數(shù),泛指,另外一個,another,作定語,作主、賓語,Other(people),others,特指,另外那個,The other,The other people,The others,1 Another（眾多中的）另一個（泛指）;再一個,I do not like this one,please give me,another,.,我不喜歡這個，給另外一個（還有其他）,She would have to stay here,another,week.,Just think what our country will be like in,another,ten years.,other 另外的人/事，復(fù)數(shù)形式為others,2 The other 指兩者中的另一個（特指）,Onethe other（兩個中）一個，另一個,Ive got two brothers.One is an Engineer,and the other is a manager.,3 The others 其余的人/事（特指）,Others 別人/事（泛指）,Some will go to Beijing.,The others,will go to Shanghai.,Others,may not agree with you.,其他人未必同意你的觀點。（泛指）,one,用來代替上下文提到的,可數(shù),的名詞/代詞同類中的一個，復(fù)數(shù)形式為ones,可以用定冠詞、形容詞和指示形容詞限定,I havent a dictionary but I am going to buy,one,.,I prefer the black,one,.,Tom has a red pencil and two blue,ones,.,Few,Little,Many,Much,A few,A little,None/no(-thing,-body,one),表示否定意義,None 表示可數(shù)/不可數(shù)的人/物，沒有任何一個，謂語動詞既可用單數(shù)也可用復(fù)數(shù),no(-thing,-body,one)沒有任何人/事物，謂語動詞用單數(shù),None of my friends live(s)near here.,None of the furniture家具 gets wet.,It is nothing serious.沒什么大不了的。,