英文學(xué)專業(yè) 我國(guó)飯店業(yè)可持續(xù)發(fā)展探討

題 目（英）Study on the sustainable development of hotel industry in China 題 目（中）我國(guó)飯店業(yè)可持續(xù)發(fā)展探討abstractMore than 20 years since reform and opening up, China's hotel industry has made great development.Sustainable development is a tourist hotel industry of our country's pursuit of goals.At present our country tourism hotel industry to achieve sustainable development still exist many problems to be solved.In the face of increasingly fierce domestic competition situation and the international competition pressure, discusses the sustainable development of tourist hotel industry of our country has the very strong theory significance and practice value.This paper reviews the reform and opening-up of our country the basic situation of the tourism hotel industry development;On the basis of the analysis of the obstacles to the sustainable development of tourist hotel industry of our country of a few main problems;The third part further discusses how to realize the sustainable development of tourist hotel industry of our country.Keywords: restaurant, sustainable development and industry摘要 改革開(kāi)放二十多年以來(lái),我國(guó)的飯店業(yè)取得了長(zhǎng)足的發(fā)展。實(shí)現(xiàn)可持續(xù)發(fā)展是我國(guó)的旅游飯店業(yè)所追求的目標(biāo)。目前我國(guó)旅游飯店業(yè)要實(shí)現(xiàn)可持續(xù)發(fā)展還存在許多問(wèn)題有待解決。面對(duì)國(guó)內(nèi)日趨激烈的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)現(xiàn)狀和國(guó)際競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的強(qiáng)大壓力,深入探討我國(guó)旅游飯店業(yè)可持續(xù)發(fā)展就具有很強(qiáng)的理論意義與實(shí)踐價(jià)值。本文首先回顧了改革開(kāi)放以來(lái)我國(guó)的旅游飯店業(yè)發(fā)展的基本狀況;在此基礎(chǔ)上分析了阻礙我國(guó)旅游飯店業(yè)可持續(xù)發(fā)展的幾個(gè)主要問(wèn)題;第三部分深入探討了如何實(shí)現(xiàn)我國(guó)旅游飯店業(yè)可持續(xù)發(fā)展。關(guān)鍵詞:飯店,可持續(xù)發(fā)展,行業(yè)Contentabstract3摘要4Introduction6Chapter 1 the meaning of sustainable development and the basic situation of tourist hotel industry development 61.1the meaning of sustainable development61.2 The basic situation of tourist hotel industry development in our country7Chapter 2 Problems existing in the development of hotel industry in China82.1 The macroscopic construction is out of control and industrial structure is not reasonable.82.2 Low level of economic management82.3 Cheap hotel service quality is poor92.4Luxury hotel is Slightly inferior compared with that of abroad.92.5The low efficiency of China's hotel industry and lack of hotel management talents9Chapter3 The countermeasures for the sustainable development of the hotel industry103.1 Establish a good social image103.2 Stable relations of cooperation in a market economy103.3 Establishing excellent brand hotel103.4 The constantly innovation of knowledge113.5 The people-oriented management113.6Strengthen the marketing and expand the market12Chapter4 The necessity of sustainable development in the hotel industry12Chapter5 Conclusion12Bibliography13Study on the sustainable development of hotel industry in ChinaIntroductionWith the continuous prosperity of China's tourism, tourist hotel industry of our country also got unprecedented development.Reform and opening to the outside benefit the tourist hotel industry in China is huge.After more than 20 years of development, our country tourism rice shop industry has been the historic transformation, become a new growth point of national economy.Tourist hotel industry in China to promote open, promoting national economic growth, increase employment, stimulate consumption and improve people's quality of life, and strengthen the socialist construction of spiritual civilization spread and carry forward the national culture and modern civilization, improve the investment environment and other aspects we have played an important and positive role.However, at the same time, we see from the period of 1990 s, our country traveling hotel occupancy and basic declining profit margins, the status of the economic benefit is not optimism.According to relevant data show that since 1995, our country traveling hotel's profit decline straightly, tourist hotel industry is offering 1998 industry-wide losses.In 2000, although losses from 1999 has greatly reduced, but the loss amount is 2.6 billion yuan.With joining WTO, the domestic market will further aggravate the trend of internationalization, international competition domestic zed.In the face of increasingly fierce domestic competition situation and the international competition pressure, penetrates the sustainable development of tourist hotel industry of our country has the very strong theory significance and practice value.Chapter 1 the meaning of sustainable development and the basic situation of tourist hotel industry development 1.1the meaning of sustainable development It is generally accepted that the concept of sustainable development is not only meet the demand of modern people, is the ability of future generations to satisfy their own needs the development of the hazards.The concept of sustainability is a very abstract concept, it is because of the requirement of environment protection, and that purpose is to through the environment protect access to social and economic sustainable development, to that sustainable development is to study how to protect the environment in the process of development.1.2 The basic situation of tourist hotel industry development in our countrySince 1980, he scale of China's hotel industry to accelerate development. The hotel supplies as demand expansion and rapid growth. Comrade deng xiaoping in 1992 after inspecting southern talk, hotel construction started into the fast lane, its development speed makes people feel better. The hotel industry in China has gradually formed a huge industry, accelerate economic benefit.The following data to prove it: in 1980, our country has 203 foreign-related hotels, by 2001, the number of star-rated hotels in China 7358;With 816200 rooms;Has 1.5331 million beds.By 2001, the national hotel revenue totaled 76.332 billion yuan, to pay business tax 39.66 one hundred million yuan.Tourist hotel obvious changes have taken place in the structure of the grade is: look from the class, formed the luxurious, comfortable, economy and so on the many kinds of class;Look from the type, business, tourism, vacation, apartments, villas, spa, a variety of types such as comprehensive.Among them, a considerable part of the hotel management and hardware has reached the international first-class level.In the hotel, there are 4339 state-owned hotels, 790 collective economy hotels, foreign investment rice shop 268, Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan investment hotel 324.In addition, joint or shareholding, private and other registered a total of 1637 types of hotels.By the end of 2001, the hotel staff of 105.21 million people in the country. In opening to the outside world, introducing foreign capital and advanced management experience, tourism also walk in front of the hotel.Hotel industry is the earliest opening time, open the highest degree in our country, one of the earliest industries in line with international standards.More than 20 years, the hotel industry attracted more than $200 in foreign investment.7% of the total foreign investment.In the more than 20 years, the hotel industry the introduction of foreign advanced technology and management experience, has trained a modern rice shop management technology, fully grasp the cadre of business of the hotel management knowledge.This batch of backbone can not only ensure that domestic luxury hotel, and has begun to foreign output management technology, summarized the management mode with the characteristic of our country, makes the brand in China.More than 20 years of reform and opening up, China has formed a complete batch of rational layout, the scale of star rice shop, most of the provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government in China have the star class hotel, even some developed areas in the county has more than three-star hotel, tourist hotel industry present a big industry and big market in China, vigorous development momentum.The hotel numberNumber of hotel rooms number of bedoperation revenue(billion)Occupancy Rate (%)total735881.63153.31763.3258.45The chart above shows the scale of star-rated hotel in our country in 2001. Hotel industry development to this level, not only by the national policy of reform and opening up, also depends on the input and the introduction of foreign advanced hotel management technology. International hotel group of tourist hotel industry in China is comprehensive and far-reaching impact, both in the operation and management, the service idea, or on the strategic development, market competition is so. After 20 years of development, our country hotel industry has developed as the international standards, faster, more early smooth marketization degree higher open industry. Chapter 2 Problems existing in the development of hotel industry in China2.1 The macroscopic construction is out of control and industrial structure is not reasonable.The overall scale of China's hotel in the past 30 years of continuous expand, but the macroscopic construction is out of control, and the hotel formed a structural unreasonable situation in the hotel industry, the main performance in the hotel the macro construction out of control, unreasonable structure of hotel industry area, was unbalanced in spatial distribution and regional structure, the restaurant structure imbalance, etc.2.2 Low level of economic managementHotel management has many problems. Such as: Low level of economic management, lack of professional talents, lack of management ability.The total number of rooms in advance, imbalance of supply and demand, competition;Hotel structure imbalance, look from class structure, low too little hotel, high star-rated hotel distribution is too concentrated;The hardware and software, the product quality is not high, attaches great importance to the hardware investment, talent cultivation and the improvement of service quality and management level;Instead of pursuit, conveniently small products lack characteristics and individuality;Light heavy marketing, marketing;Light heavy external marketing, internal marketing;Light heavy service training, management training;Heavy skills training, to improve the quality of light.2.3 Cheap hotel service quality is poorCheap hotel service quality is poor, long-term in losses.A large proportion of the three-star hotel and three-star to junior hotel although the environment is good, still lose money for a long time.Under the other a small portion of three-star hotel and three-star hotel sales good, the occupancy rate is very high, but the hotel seems to be developing in a snag, staff enthusiasm, sales and service quality can't again on a new step.2.4Luxury hotel is Slightly inferior compared with that of abroad.Most four, five-star hotel in the longitudinal than in the industry, is slightly higher, but in the world than sideways, China luxury hotel in deepening the strategic posture, precision management, service and global operations and the same level hotel, most of China's four or five-star hotel in the soft environment of foreign even lower three-star class hotel.2.5The low efficiency of China's hotel industry and lack of hotel management talentsLow efficiency of China's hotel industry, operation and form the same, can't find the differentiation and diversity of trajectory, added value in the international competition is extremely low.Lack of hotel management talents.Chinese restaurant on the talent training mode in the quality and talent, there is a big gap with the international hotel is an unavoidable reality in the existing high grade rice shop management only 70% from abroad, or had foreign hotel training experience.China has yet to professional hotel management college, in the true sense nor a complete specification of hotel human resources marketChapter3 The countermeasures for the sustainable development of the hotel industry3.1 Establish a good social image Good social image, is the first article of sustainable development of the hotel.Hotel enterprises is one of the socialist market economy the body cells, its survival and development depends on social recognition for it, and the social recognition about it depends on its contribution to the society.Therefore, a good social image is the foundation of hotel enterprise survival and development, is the first condition to realize the sustainable development of the hotel.Good social image, not can set up overnight, it needs to continuously consolidate and perfect.Hotel to live in a specific community environment, good marriage must be good, pay attention to the way of the good-neighborly, enhance mutual understanding, in the community to establish a good image of the "good citizens". Only in this way, the hotel can obtain the community public love, cooperation and support, to the survival and development of the enterprise to create for your hotel "timing, geographical and human conditions.3.2 Stable relations of cooperation in a market economy Stable cooperation relations, is important for the sustainable development of the hotel based.The operation of the hotel in a sense, is a kind of system, including suppliers, distributors and competitors, cooperative behavior.Restaurant operators should be fully aware that the competition between hotel is a kind of management level and competition, the quality of our service is a kind of innovation and improve each process.Practices show that many seemingly rival rice shop, actually is the partner has great development potential.Facing the new century, the hotel must abandon mistake in morbid competition, and should be instructed by the idea of "win-win" business activities of the restaurant.On the premise of stable relations of cooperation, mutual transfer market information, to organize and conduct some activities and business projects, to resist some impedes the behavior of the enterprise development, the common advantages of the complementary and mutual benefit, so that more reason to get economic benefits.Such cooperation on the basis of competition, in competition in the process of cooperation, promote the improvement of the hotel itself, and promote the healthy development of the whole hotel industry market.3.3 Establishing excellent brand hotelOutstanding hotel brands, is an important capital for the sustainable development of hotel.With the coming of knowledge economy and the advent of the era of perceptual consumption, the competition between the future hotel will be more performance for the hotel's brand competition.Whether has the famous hotel brands, will directly determine the survival and development of the hotel.Strengthen the brand construction, the implementation of brand management, to create outstanding hotel brands, is our country important capital for the sustainable development of the hotel.Facing the opportunity and the challenge of global economic integration, China hotel to achieve sustainable development, to create a famous international hotel brands are imperative.Create a famous international hotel brand, priority, I the hotel enterprises must seek breakthrough in four aspects: one is the emphasis on cultural connotation, create with Chinese characteristics.2 it is to implement service innovation, and cultivate loyal customers.Three is to accelerate the process of collectivization, implementing transnational operation.Four is standard brand strategy, implementation of professional operation.3.4 The constantly innovation of knowledge The constantly innovation of knowledge is the dynamic force in the sustainable development of hotel.We found that, regardless of the industry average profit the height, some restaurants can always more profitable than other hotel, its success is to have a competitive advantage. Therefore, in the process of the development of the hotel, comfortable when increasing the knowledge of employees, and build trust between employees, active cooperation, share the achievements of knowledge innovation, is a core element in hotel development strategy.3.5 The people-oriented managementThe people-oriented management is the fundamental insurance certificate for the sustainable development of the hotel .Through the ages, to place but is of choose and employ persons, flourish talents for the enterprise. Competition in the hotel industry, its essence is talent competition. Therefore, adequate human resources is the fundamental guarantee for the sustainable development of the hotel. Speak it in full, including two meanings: one refers to the quantity is enough. Hotel with its scale, business matching enough staff. The second is refers to the abundant energy. Employees' personal values and the value of the enterprise concept of harmony, the potential of employees, form a powerful cohesion.This requires hotel using humanized personnel policy, system, training system and incentive mechanism,to make employees willing and able to play their own biggest potential, make the hotel human resources get the sufficient use the most scientific, and the implementation of humanistic management3.6Strengthen the marketing and expand the marketLoyal customers will be very beneficial for hotel promotion, product extremely launched its relations within the scope of the people to come to purchase, thus forming a "pass ten, ten preach the" word of mouth effect, increase the hotel great business income.So the hotel should do a good job in the following to succeeded in retaining the customer, in order to gain sustainable development.One is the study of customer needs;The second is to know the customer is willing to pay a cost;Three is to strengthen with the customer's groove.Four is to provide personalized services;Five is to pursue exceed customer expectations;Six is appropriate reward customers.Seven is pay attention to innovation.Hotel if you can do a good job in the above several we will firmly seize the customer, make customer this hotel loyalty.So, when the hotel enterprises have many loyal customers, we will be able to get a lot of profits, so as to achieve sustainable development in the modern market economy.Chapter4 The necessity of sustainable development in the hotel industryThe loss of hotels in China is larger, lower investment returns.This means that the hotel didn't get a good development, is in a state of/poverty 0, no force for environmental protection.And if can be solved for the environment pollution caused by the hotel, the hotel will choose the environment pollution behavior;The losses at the same time also means that hotel use a large number of materials, energy and did not give full play to the benefit of a large number of idle equipment and facilities, waste, this situation is not only conducive to a sustained development, also cannot meet the needs of the current development。Second, due to the weak awareness of the hotel, many activities that damage the environment.As to the scenic area the water without treatment of living sewage;Living garbage piled up directly in the scenic spot,To expand business with ground, wantonly cut down forests;Don't go well with scenic landscape architectural style, destroy the landscape quality, etc.Building in the scenic area within the hotel, although these problems did not outstanding, but the hotel also varying degrees of impact on the environment, such as the construction of air pollution;Building style ruined city landscape;Run out of the smoke, sewage, solid waste outcast emissions, high energy consumption, high cost and the hotel to the indirect impact of the social environment.Chapter5 ConclusionThe implementation of the hotel industry sustainable development can solve the hotel the situation of the current recession, to promote the integration of the restructuring of the hotel industry, the government must give help and support, to promote sustainable development.Not just rely on propaganda to obtain sustainable development, and government is conducive to enterprise, but also to policy and mechanism o