標(biāo)準(zhǔn)高職高專公共英語(yǔ)綜合教程1教師用書(shū).ppt

BR_BackgroundInformation1,BackgroundInformation,(AlexanderGrahamBell),(ModelofAlexanderGrahamBellsTelephone,1875),BackgroundInformation,VideoClip,GroupDiscussion,SpotDictation,Inthe1870s,AlexanderGrahamBelldesignedadevicethatwenowcallthetelephone.Bellsextensiveknowledgeofthenatureofsoundandhisunderstandingofmusicenabledhimtoinventthedevice.,BR_BackgroundInformation2,BellsgreatestsuccesswasachievedonMarch10,1876,markingthebirthofthetelephone.Thefirstsentenceeverspokenoveratelephonewasutteredoverthisdeviceonthatday.Thehistoricwords,“Mr.Watson,comehere;Iwantyou”wereutteredbyBell.,BackgroundInformation,VideoClip,GroupDiscussion,SpotDictation,(1876LiquidTransmitter),BR_VideoClip1,VideoClip,Source,Friendship.PutIttotheTest-Meridian,GroupDiscussion,SpotDictation,BackgroundInformation,VideoClip,BR_VideoClip2,Questions:,1.2.,Thespeakermentionsthreefriends.TheyareAlly,SharleenandCarlos.,Apersonwhoisloyal,honestorinterestingislikelytobeafriendofthespeakers.,BackgroundInformation,VideoClip,GroupDiscussion,SpotDictation,VideoClip,Howmanyfriendsdoesthespeakermentioninthevideoclip?Accordingtothedescriptionofherfriends,whatkindofpersondoyouthinkislikelytobecomethespeakersfriend?,BR_groupdiscussion,GroupDiscussion,1.2.,Friendshipmaysometimesexertagreatimpactononeslife.Haveyouheardofanystoriesoffriendship?Doyouthinkyourlifehaseverbeeninfluencedbyyourrelationswithyourfriends?Whatkindofpersondoyouexpectyourfriendtobe?Describeapersonwhoislikelytobeyourfriend.,BackgroundInformation,SpotDictation,VideoClip,GroupDiscussion,BR_spotdictation,SpotDictation,Thedoghasbeenmansbestfriendforofyears.Gelertwasahuntingdogtoahunter.Onemorning,thehunterwenthuntingthedog.Onhisreturn,hefoundGelertwithblood.Hisbabywasnotinitsbed.Thinkingthatthedoghadeatenthechild,hekilledthedogwithhissword.Thenoisethebaby,whohadbeenasleep,andunderapileofbedcoverings.Thefatherhearditscryandfoundthebaby.thebedwasfoundawolf,killedbyGelert.Thedoghadsavedthebabybuthislifebecauseofatragicmisunderstanding.,BackgroundInformation,VideoClip,GroupDiscussion,SpotDictation,thousands,_,belonging,_,without,_,covered,_,awoke,_,safe,_,sound,_,Under,_,faithful,_,lost,_,GR_PartDivision.,PartDivisionoftheText,Thetextcanbedividedintothreeparts:,Part1(Paragraph1):,Part1isthetopicparagraph,statinggenerallythehelpfulnessoftheoperator.,Part2(Paragraphs2-9):,Part2illustratesthehelpfulnessandfriendlinessoftheoperatorwithinstances.,Part3(Paragraphs10-15):,Part3describesatelephoneconversationbetweentheboyandtheoperatormanyyearslater,furtherstatingthefriendshipbetweenthetwopersons.,PartDivisionoftheText,FurtherUnderstanding,Whydidtheyoungboybelievethat“InformationPlease”wasanamazingperson?Whentheboydialedtheoperatorattheairportmanyyearslater,whydidheaskthequestion“Couldyoutellmeplease,howtospellthewordfix?”,GR_FurtherUnderstanding,FurtherUnderstanding,1.2.,Itcanbeinferredthattheboymusthaveaskedthesamequestionbeforewhenhewasalittleboy.Heaskedthequestionsothattheoperatorcouldrecognizehimbyaskingthesamequestion.Aswasexpected,theoperatoridentifiedthequestionandrecognizedtheboy.,Questions:,Becausehebelievedthattherewasnothingshedidnotknow.Shecouldgiveacorrectanswertoanyquestion.,PartDivisionoftheText,FurtherUnderstanding,DR_text1-2_S,MyFriend,theTelephoneOperator,WhenIwasquiteyoung,myfamilyhadoneofthefirsttelephonesinourneighborhood.SoonIdiscoveredthatsomewhereinsidethatwonderfuldevicelivedanamazingperson-hernamewas“InformationPlease”andtherewasnothingshedidnotknow.Mymothercouldaskherforanybodysnumber;whenourclockstopped,InformationPleasegaveusthecorrecttimeatonce.Onedaywhilemymotherwasvisitinganeighbor,Ihitmyfingerwithahammer.Thepainwasterribleandtherewasnoonehometooffersympathy.SoIranforthetelephoneandsaid“Informationplease”intothemouthpiece.Afteramoment,asmall,clearvoicespokeintomyear.“Information.”,DR_text3-9_S,“Ihurtmyfinger”Icriedintothephone.“Isntyourmotherhome?”camethequestion.“Nobodyshomebutme,”Isobbed.“Areyoubleeding?”“No,”Ireplied.“Ihititwiththehammerandithurts.”“Canyouopenyourfridge?”sheasked.IsaidIcould.“Thenbreakalittlepieceoficeandputitonyourfinger.Thatwillstopthehurt.Anddontcry,youllbeallright.”Afterthat,IcalledInformationPleaseforeverything.Iaskedherforhelpwithmylessons.Ievencalledherforcomfortbecausemypetbirddied.WhenIwasnine,wemovedfromSeattletoBostonandImissedmyfrienddeeply.InformationPleasebelongedtotheoldhome,andIneverthoughtoftryingthenewphoneonasmalltableinthehall.,DR_text10-14_S,Manyyearslater,onmywaytocollege,myplanelandedatSeattle.Attheairport,withoutthinkingwhatIwasdoing,Idialedmyhometownoperatorandsaid,“InformationPlease.”ThenIheardagainthesmall,clearvoiceIknewsowell:“Information.”Ihadntplannedthis,butIheardmyselfsaying.“Couldyoutellmeplease,howtospellthewordfix?”Therewasalongpause.Thencamethesoftlyspokenanswer.“Iguess,”saidshe,“thatyourfingermusthavegottenbetterbynow.”Ilaughed.“Soitsreallystillyou,”Isaid.“Iwonderifyouhaveanyideahowmuchyoumeanttomeduringallthattime”“Iwonder,”shereplied,“ifyouknowhowmuchyoumeanttome.Ineverhadanychildren,andIusedtolookforwardtoyourcalls.”(397words),DR_text1-2_W,MyFriend,theTelephoneOperator,WhenIwasquiteyoung,myfamilyhadoneofthefirsttelephonesinourneighborhood.SoonIdiscoveredthatsomewhereinsidethatwonderfuldevicelivedanamazingperson-hernamewas“InformationPlease”andtherewasnothingshedidnotknow.Mymothercouldaskherforanybodysnumber;whenourclockstopped,InformationPleasegaveusthecorrecttimeatonce.Onedaywhilemymotherwasvisitinganeighbor,Ihitmyfingerwithahammer.Thepainwasterribleandtherewasnoonehometooffersympathy.SoIranforthetelephoneandsaid“Informationplease”intothemouthpiece.Afteramoment,asmall,clearvoicespokeintomyear.“Information.”,DR_text3-9_W,“Ihurtmyfinger”Icriedintothephone.“Isntyourmotherhome?”camethequestion.“Nobodyshomebutme,”Isobbed.“Areyoubleeding?”“No,”Ireplied.“Ihititwiththehammerandithurts.”“Canyouopenyourfridge?”sheasked.IsaidIcould.“Thenbreakalittlepieceoficeandputitonyourfinger.Thatwillstopthehurt.Anddontcry,youllbeallright.”Afterthat,IcalledInformationPleaseforeverything.Iaskedherforhelpwithmylessons.Ievencalledherforcomfortbecausemypetbirddied.WhenIwasnine,wemovedfromSeattletoBostonandImissedmyfrienddeeply.InformationPleasebelongedtotheoldhome,andIneverthoughtoftryingthenewphoneonasmalltableinthehall.,DR_text10-14_W,Manyyearslater,onmywaytocollege,myplanelandedatSeattle.Attheairport,withoutthinkingwhatIwasdoing,Idialedmyhometownoperatorandsaid,“InformationPlease.”ThenIheardagainthesmall,clearvoiceIknewsowell:“Information.”Ihadntplannedthis,butIheardmyselfsaying.“Couldyoutellmeplease,howtospellthewordfix?”Therewasalongpause.Thencamethesoftlyspokenanswer.“Iguess,”saidshe,“thatyourfingermusthavegottenbetterbynow.”Ilaughed.“Soitsreallystillyou,”Isaid.“Iwonderifyouhaveanyideahowmuchyoumeanttomeduringallthattime”“Iwonder,”shereplied,“ifyouknowhowmuchyoumeanttome.Ineverhadanychildren,andIusedtolookforwardtoyourcalls.”(397words),DR_text1-2_S_Therewas1,MyFriend,theTelephoneOperator,WhenIwasquiteyoung,myfamilyhadoneofthefirsttelephonesinourneighborhood.SoonIdiscoveredthatsomewhereinsidethatwonderfuldevicelivedanamazingperson-hernamewas“InformationPlease”andtherewasnothingshedidnotknow.Mymothercouldaskherforanybodysnumber;whenourclockstopped,InformationPleasegaveusthecorrecttimeatonce.Onedaywhilemymotherwasvisitinganeighbor,Ihitmyfingerwithahammer.Thepainwasterribleandtherewasnoonehometooffersympathy.SoIranforthetelephoneandsaid“Informationplease”intothemouthpiece.Afteramoment,asmall,clearvoicespokeintomyear.“Information.”,家里沒(méi)有人，沒(méi)人能安慰我。,SentenceTranslation:,Noonewasathome,soIcouldnotgetanysympathy.,SentenceParaphrase:,StructuralAnalysis:,動(dòng)詞不定式tooffersympathy作為修飾語(yǔ)修飾名詞詞組noone。不定式可以作為名詞的后置修飾語(yǔ)，表達(dá)這樣幾種關(guān)系：,a)主語(yǔ)和動(dòng)詞的關(guān)系，即名詞是不定式的邏輯主語(yǔ)。例句就是這種情況，noone是動(dòng)詞offer的主語(yǔ)。如：,Shewasthefirstonetoarriveattheparty.,Yourproposalwillbediscussedattheconferencetoopennextweek.,DR_text1-2_S_Therewas2,WhenIwasquiteyoung,myfamilyhadoneofthefirsttelephonesinourneighborhood.SoonIdiscoveredthatsomewhereinsidethatwonderfuldevicelivedanamazingperson-hernamewas“InformationPlease”andtherewasnothingshedidnotknow.Mymothercouldaskherforanybodysnumber;whenourclockstopped,InformationPleasegaveusthecorrecttimeatonce.Onedaywhilemymotherwasvisitinganeighbor,Ihitmyfingerwithahammer.Thepainwasterribleandtherewasnoonehometooffersympathy.SoIranforthetelephoneandsaid“Informationplease”intothemouthpiece.Afteramoment,asmall,clearvoicespokeintomyear.“Information.”,MyFriend,theTelephoneOperator,b)賓語(yǔ)和動(dòng)詞的關(guān)系，即名詞是不定式的邏輯賓語(yǔ)。如：,c)同位語(yǔ)的關(guān)系，即名詞和不定式互為同位語(yǔ)。如：,Ihavetoomanythingstodo.,Thereisnothinginterestingtowriteabout.,Ihavenointentiontoquarrelwithyou.,Hisdecisiontowithdrawfromcollegesurprisedusall.,值得注意的是不定式主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的選擇，有時(shí)兩種形式都可以。如：,Thereisnotimetolose.,Thereisnotimetobelost.,但有時(shí)候習(xí)慣上用其中某一種更為自然。如：,Wehavealotofworktodo.,Thisisadaynevertobeforgotten.,“Ihurtmyfinger”Icriedintothephone.“Isntyourmotherhome?”camethequestion.“Nobodyshomebutme,”Isobbed.“Areyoubleeding?”“No,”Ireplied.“Ihititwiththehammerandithurts.”“Canyouopenyourfridge?”sheasked.IsaidIcould.“Thenbreakalittlepieceoficeandputitonyourfinger.Thatwillstopthehurt.Anddontcry,youllbeallright.”Afterthat,IcalledInformationPleaseforeverything.Iaskedherforhelpwithmylessons.Ievencalledherforcomfortbecausemypetbirddied.WhenIwasnine,wemovedfromSeattletoBostonandImissedmyfrienddeeply.InformationPleasebelongedtotheoldhome,andIneverthoughtoftryingthenewphoneonasmalltableinthehall.,DR_text3-9_S_Thatwill,這樣做就會(huì)止住疼痛。,SentenceTranslation:,Ifyoubreakalittlepieceoficeandputitonyourfinger,thepainwillberelieved.,SentenceParaphrase:,StructuralAnalysis:,注意這句話中指示代詞that的用法，它指代前文breakalittlepieceoficeandputitonyourfinger整個(gè)句子。that/those作為指示代詞通常用于后照應(yīng)，即指代前文中出現(xiàn)的整個(gè)句子或若干句子。如：如果要指代下文出現(xiàn)的一個(gè)或若干句子，通常用this/these。如：,Mynewcarwasstolen.Thatalmostdrovemecrazy.,Wemeethereatfiveoclock.Thatoughttogiveyouenoughtimetodoyourshopping.,ThisiswhatIwanttosay:yourealwaysthinkingofyourself;youneverthinkaboutwhatothersneed.,Nowhearthis.Letsmeetattheschoolgateintenminutes.,DR_text10-14_S_Ihadnt,Manyyearslater,onmywaytocollege,myplanelandedatSeattle.Attheairport,withoutthinkingwhatIwasdoing,Idialedmyhometownoperatorandsaid,“InformationPlease.”ThenIheardagainthesmall,clearvoiceIknewsowell:“Information.”Ihadntplannedthis,butIheardmyselfsaying.“Couldyoutellmeplease,howtospellthewordfix?”Therewasalongpause.Thencamethesoftlyspokenanswer.“Iguess,”saidshe,“thatyourfingermusthavegottenbetterbynow.”Ilaughed.“Soitsreallystillyou,”Isaid.“Iwonderifyouhaveanyideahowmuchyoumeanttomeduringallthattime”“Iwonder,”shereplied,“ifyouknowhowmuchyoumeanttome.Ineverhadanychildren,andIusedtolookforwardtoyourcalls.”(397words),我沒(méi)有事先想好，卻不知不覺(jué)脫口而出,SentenceTranslation:,BeforeIspoke,IhadntthoughtofwhatIwouldsay,butIsaidwithoutintendingtodoso,SentenceParaphrase:,StructuralAnalysis:,動(dòng)詞find，hear，catch后面跟反身代詞作賓語(yǔ)，再加上補(bǔ)語(yǔ)，構(gòu)成SVOC的句型，表示自己不知不覺(jué)處在（補(bǔ)語(yǔ)所表示的）那種狀態(tài)中。補(bǔ)語(yǔ)可以是-ing分詞，也可以是介詞詞組。如：,Sheheardherselfhumminganoldfamiliarsong.,Ifoundmyselfinadilemma.,Thoughshemadegoodpreparationsforthepresentation,shecaughtherselfmakingseveralmistakes.,DR_text10-14_S_Yourfinger,Manyyearslater,onmywaytocollege,myplanelandedatSeattle.Attheairport,withoutthinkingwhatIwasdoing,Idialedmyhometownoperatorandsaid,“InformationPlease.”ThenIheardagainthesmall,clearvoiceIknewsowell:“Information.”Ihadntplannedthis,butIheardmyselfsaying.“Couldyoutellmeplease,howtospellthewordfix?”Therewasalongpause.Thencamethesoftlyspokenanswer.“Iguess,”saidshe,“thatyourfingermusthavegottenbetterbynow.”Ilaughed.“Soitsreallystillyou,”Isaid.“Iwonderifyouhaveanyideahowmuchyoumeanttomeduringallthattime”“Iwonder,”shereplied,“ifyouknowhowmuchyoumeanttome.Ineverhadanychildren,andIusedtolookforwardtoyourcalls.”(397words),你的手指現(xiàn)在一定已經(jīng)好多了吧。,SentenceTranslation:,Iguessitisverylikelythatyourfingerhasgottenbetterbynow.,SentenceParaphrase:,StructuralAnalysis:,這一句話中的must的用法涉及到情態(tài)助動(dòng)詞的推測(cè)性用法，即情態(tài)助動(dòng)詞表達(dá)的是說(shuō)話人的主觀看法。下面九個(gè)情態(tài)助動(dòng)詞都能作推測(cè)性用法：might,may,could,can,should,oughtto,would,will,must值得注意的是這九個(gè)情態(tài)助動(dòng)詞作推測(cè)性用法時(shí)沒(méi)有時(shí)態(tài)的差別，而有表示可能性程度的差別。其中might表示可能性程度最低，must表示可能性程度最高，從左至右依次遞增。那么如何表示推測(cè)的事件所發(fā)生的時(shí)間呢？是通過(guò)情態(tài)助動(dòng)詞后的動(dòng)詞形式來(lái)體現(xiàn)的。如果動(dòng)詞是完成體形式，表示對(duì)于過(guò)去事件的推測(cè)，如果動(dòng)詞形式是非完成體形式，表示對(duì)于現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)事件的推測(cè)。如：,Hemaybeworkingnow.(=Perhapsheisworkingnow.),Hecanthavelosthispassport.(=Itisveryunlikelythathehaslosthispassport.),Youmusthavebeendisappointedwhenyouheardthenews.(=Itwasquitelikelythatyouweredisappointedwhenyouheardthenews.),WhenIwasquiteyoung,myfamilyhadoneofthefirsttelephonesinourneighborhood.SoonIdiscoveredthatsomewhereinsidethatwonderfuldevicelivedanamazingperson-hernamewas“InformationPlease”andtherewasnothingshedidnotknow.Mymothercouldaskherforanybodysnumber;whenourclockstopped,InformationPleasegaveusthecorrecttimeatonce.Onedaywhilemymotherwasvisitinganeighbor,Ihitmyfingerwithahammer.Thepainwasterribleandtherewasnoonehometooffersympathy.SoIranforthetelephoneandsaid“Informationplease”intothemouthpiece.Afteramoment,asmall,clearvoicespokeintomyear.“Information.”,DR_text1-2_W_discover,MyFriend,theTelephoneOperator,discover,Comparison:,ColumbusAmericain1492.FromherletterIthatsheisoutofwork.,discovered,_,learn,_,Patterns:,discoversthdiscover+that從句discover+wh-疑問(wèn)詞+動(dòng)詞不定式,Derivation:,discoverern.發(fā)現(xiàn)者discoveryn.發(fā)現(xiàn),discoverwhenourclockstopped,InformationPleasegaveusthecorrecttimeatonce.Onedaywhilemymotherwasvisitinganeighbor,Ihitmyfingerwithahammer.Thepainwasterribleandtherewasnoonehometooffersympathy.SoIranforthetelephoneandsaid“Informationplease”intothemouthpiece.Afteramoment,asmall,clearvoicespokeintomyear.“Information.”,DR_text1-2_W_device1,MyFriend,theTelephoneOperator,device,Comparison:,devicewhenourclockstopped,InformationPleasegaveusthecorrecttimeatonce.Onedaywhilemymotherwasvisitinganeighbor,Ihitmyfingerwithahammer.Thepainwasterribleandtherewasnoonehometooffersympathy.SoIranforthetelephoneandsaid“Informationplease”intothemouthpiece.Afteramoment,asmall,clearvoicespokeintomyear.“Information.”,DR_text1-2_W_device2,MyFriend,theTelephoneOperator,NB:,device除了指“裝置，設(shè)備”外，還可以指“手段”或“技巧”。如：,Televisionadvertisinghasbeenusedasadeviceforstimulatingdemand.,Hetriedvariousdevicestoarousesympathy.,IdiomaticExpression:,leavesbtohisowndevices讓某人自己決定怎么做,DR_text3-9_W_comfort,“Ihurtmyfinger”Icriedintothephone.“Isntyourmotherhome?”camethequestion.“Nobodyshomebutme,”Isobbed.“Areyoubleeding?”“No,”Ireplied.“Ihititwiththehammerandithurts.”“Canyouopenyourfridge?”sheasked.IsaidIcould.“Thenbreakalittlepieceoficeandputitonyourfinger.Thatwillstopthehurt.Anddontcry,youllbeallright.”Afterthat,IcalledInformationPleaseforeverything.Iaskedherforhelpwithmylessons.Ievencalledherforcomfortbecausemypetbirddied.WhenIwasnine,wemovedfromSeattletoBostonandImissedmyfrienddeeply.InformationPleasebelongedtotheoldhome,andIneverthoughtoftryingthenewphoneonasmalltableinthehall.,comfort,Collocations:,bringcomfortderivecomfortfromfindcomfortingivesbcomfortliveincomfortprovidecomforttakecomfortin/from,Examples:,Derivation:,comfortableadj.舒服的comfortablyadv.舒服地comfortern.安慰者，給予安慰的事物,Hehassavedenoughmoneysothathecanliveincomfortwhenheisretired.,Parentsalwaystakecomfortintheirchildren.,NB:,comfort既可以作名詞，也可以作動(dòng)詞。,DR_text10-14_W_plan1,Manyyearslater,onmywaytocollege,myplanelandedatSeattle.Attheairport,withoutthinkingwhatIwasdoing,Idialedmyhometownoperatorandsaid,“InformationPlease.”ThenIheardagainthesmall,clearvoiceIknewsowell:“Information.”Ihadntplannedthis,butIheardmyselfsaying.“Couldyoutellmeplease,howtospellthewordfix?”Therewasalongpause.Thencamethesoftlyspokenanswer.“Iguess,”saidshe,“thatyourfingermusthavegottenbetterbynow.”Ilaughed.“Soitsreallystillyou,”Isaid.“Iwonderifyouhaveanyideahowmuchyoumeanttomeduringallthattime”“Iwonder,”shereplied,“ifyouknowhowmuchyoumeanttome.Ineverhadanychildren,andIusedtolookforwardtoyourcalls.”(397words),plan,Collocations:,afive-yearplanalong-termplancarryoutaplandeviseaplandrawupaplanimplementaplanmakeaplanmapoutaplanputaplanintooperation,Pattern:,plan(v.)todo,NB:,plan既可以作名詞，也可以作動(dòng)詞。,Example:,Thestudentshavebeenplanningtoholdasurprisepartyfortheirteacheronherbirthday.,DR_text10-14_W_plan2,Manyyearslater,onmywaytocollege,myplanelandedatSeattle.Attheairport,withoutthinkingwhatIwasdoing,Idialedmyhometownoperatorandsaid,“InformationPlease.”ThenIheardagainthesmall,clearvoiceIknewsowell:“Information.”Ihadntplannedthis,butIheardmyselfsaying.“Couldyoutellmeplease,howtospellthewordfix?”Therewasalongpause.Thencamethesoftlyspokenanswer.“Iguess,”saidshe,“thatyourfingermusthavegottenbetterbynow.”Ilaughed.“Soitsreallystillyou,”Isaid.“Iwonderifyouhaveanyideahowmuchyoumeanttomeduringallthattime”“Iwonder,”shereplied,“ifyouknowhowmuchyoumeanttome.Ineverhadanychildren,andIusedtolookforwardtoyourcalls.”(397words),Matching:,Fillintheblankwithaproperprepositiontocollocatewith“plan”:,Doyouhaveaplanthesummerbreak?Thisisastreetplanthetown.Everyuniversitystudentshouldplanhisfuture.,for,_,of,_,for,_,DR_text10-14_W_mean1,Manyyearslater,onmywaytocollege,myplanelandedatSeattle.Attheairport,withoutthinkingwhatIwasdoing,Idialedmyhometownoperatorandsaid,“InformationPlease.”ThenIheardagainthesmall,clearvoiceIknewsowell:“Information.”Ihadntplannedthis,butIheardmyselfsaying.“Couldyoutellmeplease,howtospellthewordfix?”Therewasalongpause.Thencamethesoftlyspokenanswer.“Iguess,”saidshe,“thatyourfingermusthavegottenbetterbynow.”Ilaughed.“Soitsreallystillyou,”Isaid.“Iwonderifyouhaveanyideahowmuchyoumeanttomeduringallthattime”“Iwonder,”shereplied,“ifyouknowhowmuchyoumeanttome.Ineverhadanychildren,andIusedtolookforwardtoyourcalls.”(397words),mean,NB:,mean是一個(gè)一詞多意的單詞，掌握它的意義和用法非常重要。下面講解mean的幾個(gè)主要的意思：a)意思是，表示。如：b)打算，意欲。如：c)具有重要性。如：,Adictionarytellsyouwhatawordmeans.,Thislectureismeantforbeginners.,這個(gè)講座是為入門(mén)者準(zhǔn)備的。,我打算向你道歉的，但你就是不肯聽(tīng)我說(shuō)。,Thephotoframeisasymboloffriendship.Itmeansalottome.,Imeanttoapologizetoyou,butyoujustwontlistentome.,DR_text10-14_W_mean2,Manyyearslater,onmywaytocollege,myplanelandedatSeattle.Attheairport,withoutthinkingwhatIwasdoing,Idialedmyhometownoperatorandsaid,“InformationPlease.”ThenIheardagainthesmall,clearvoiceIknewsowell:“Information.”Ihadntplannedthis,butIheardmyselfsaying.“Couldyoutellmeplease,howtospellthewordfix?”Therewasalongpause.Thencamethesoftlyspokenanswer.“Iguess,”saidshe,“thatyourfingermusthavegottenbetterbynow.”Ilaughed.“Soitsreallystillyou,”Isaid.“Iwonderifyouhaveanyideahowmuchyoumeanttomeduringallthattime”“Iwonder,”shereplied,“ifyouknowhowmuchyoumeanttome.Ineverhadanychildren,andIusedtolookforwardtoyourcalls.”(397words),Patterns:,a)意思是，表示meansthmean+that-從句mean+-ing分詞b)打算，意欲meantodomeansbsthmeansbtodoc)具有重要性meantosb,Derivation:,meaningn.意思，意義meaningfuladj.有意義的，有價(jià)值的meaninglessadj.沒(méi)有意義的，沒(méi)有價(jià)值的,IdiomaticExpressions:,bemeanttodo（按道理、按規(guī)矩）必須做meanwell懷好意,DR_text10-14_W_useto1,Manyyearslater,onmywaytocollege,myplanelandedatSeattle.Attheairport,withoutthinkingwhatIwasdoing,Idialedmyhometownoperatorandsaid,“InformationPlease.”ThenIheardagainthesmall,clearvoiceIknewsowell:“Information.”Ihadntplannedthis,butIheardmyselfsaying.“Couldyoutellmeplease,howtospellthewordfix?”Therewasalongpause.Thencamethesoftlyspokenanswer.“Iguess,”saidshe,“thatyourfingermusthavegottenbetterbynow.”Ilaughed.“Soitsreallystillyou,”Isaid.“Iwonderifyouhaveanyideahowmuchyoumeanttomeduringallthattime”“Iwonder,”shereplied,“ifyouknowhowmuchyoumeanttome.Ineverhadanychildren,andIusedtolookforwardtoyourcalls.”(397words),usedto,NB:,否定形式為usednotto或didnotusedto（有縮略形式為usedntto或didntusedto）。usedto表示過(guò)去的事實(shí)或狀態(tài)，后接動(dòng)詞不定式。這三個(gè)表達(dá)中雖然都含有used，但意義和用法截然不同。a)中used是動(dòng)詞use的過(guò)去式，后接動(dòng)詞不定式，表示過(guò)去慣常的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。如：b)中used是形容詞，后接介詞to，表示“習(xí)慣于”。動(dòng)詞be有時(shí)可以和get互換。如：,Heusedtosmokealot,butnowhehasgivenupsmoking.,Comparison:,a)usedtodob)beusedtosth/-ing分詞c)beusedtodo,Iamnotusedtotheweatherhere.,Imusedtogettingupearly.,DR_text10-14_W_useto2,Manyyearslater,onmywaytocollege,myplanelandedatSeattle.Attheairport,withoutthinkingwhatIwasdoing,Idialedmyhometownoperatorandsaid,“InformationPlease.”ThenIheardagainthesmall,clearvoiceIknewsowell:“Information.”Ihadntplannedthis,butIheardmyselfsaying.“Couldyoutellmeplease,howtospellthewordfix?”Therewasalongpause.Thencamethesoftlyspokenanswer.“Iguess,”saidshe,“thatyourfingermusthavegottenb