商務(wù)智能解決方案

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1、Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,*,*,Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,Sybase/Business Intelligence,SYBASE 數(shù)據(jù)倉庫/商務(wù)智能解決方案,魏健,商務(wù)智能咨詢顧問,SY

2、BASE 軟件(中國)有限公司,議程,數(shù)據(jù)倉庫解決方案概述,數(shù)據(jù)倉庫設(shè)計(jì)工具,數(shù)據(jù)倉庫引擎 Sybase Adaptive Server IQ Multiplex,“數(shù)據(jù)倉庫是在企業(yè)管理和決策中,面向主題的,集成的, 與時間相關(guān)的,和不可修改的數(shù)據(jù)集合”,Bill Inmon,數(shù)據(jù)倉庫定義,OLTP系統(tǒng),5-10 年,過去,詳細(xì)數(shù)據(jù),當(dāng)前,詳細(xì)數(shù)據(jù),輕度,匯總數(shù)據(jù),高度,匯總數(shù)據(jù),數(shù)據(jù)集市,用戶分析,網(wǎng)絡(luò)資源分析,數(shù)據(jù)倉庫,數(shù)據(jù)倉庫/決策分析系統(tǒng),數(shù)據(jù)倉庫是完全不同的數(shù)據(jù)庫系統(tǒng),RDBMS,Sybase,SAP/ERP,VSAM,EXCEL,操作(業(yè)務(wù))系統(tǒng)特性,事務(wù)處理性能是第一位的,支持日

3、常的業(yè)務(wù),事務(wù)驅(qū)動,面向應(yīng)用,數(shù)據(jù)是當(dāng)前的并在不斷變化,存儲詳細(xì)數(shù)據(jù) (每一個事件或事務(wù)),針對快速預(yù)定義的事務(wù)優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì),可預(yù)見的使用模式,支持辦事人員或行政人員,數(shù)據(jù)倉庫應(yīng)用系統(tǒng)特點(diǎn),支持長遠(yuǎn)的業(yè)務(wù)戰(zhàn)略決策,分析驅(qū)動,面向主題,數(shù)據(jù)是歷史的,數(shù)據(jù)反映某個時間點(diǎn)或一段時間,數(shù)據(jù)是靜態(tài)的，除數(shù)據(jù)刷新外,數(shù)據(jù)是匯總的,優(yōu)化是針對查詢而不是更新,支持管理人員和執(zhí)行主管人員,數(shù)據(jù)倉庫解決方案解決從數(shù)據(jù)庫中獲取信息的問題。,INFORMATION,信 息,信 息,INFORMATION,什么是數(shù)據(jù)倉庫解決方案？,應(yīng)用價值,時間,1.,日常報表,2. 即席查詢,3. 分析,4. 數(shù)據(jù)挖掘,專題應(yīng)用,1 2

4、 3 4,數(shù)據(jù)倉庫應(yīng)用類型,數(shù)據(jù)倉庫應(yīng)用,數(shù)據(jù)倉庫系統(tǒng)體系架構(gòu),Relational,Package,Legacy,External,source,Data,Clean,Tool,Source Data,Data,Staging,WareHouse,Admin.,Tools,Enterprise,Data,Warehouse,Data Extraction,Transformation,and load,Datamart,Datamart,Enterprise/,Central,Data,Warehouse,RDBMS,ROLAP,RDBMS,Dimension Modeling,Confor

5、med dimension&fact,Including atomic&aggregate,Architected,Datamarts,Central,Metadata,Data,Modeling,Tool,End-User,Tool,End-User,Tool,MDB,End-User,Tool,End-User,Tool,Local Metadata,Local Metadata,數(shù)據(jù)倉庫/商務(wù)智能應(yīng)用成功的關(guān)鍵,做什么，怎么做？,數(shù)據(jù)倉庫性能,Sybase & Partner 專業(yè)服務(wù),數(shù)據(jù)倉庫顧問咨詢,Industry Warehouse Studio,Sybase IWS 方法學(xué),E

6、R Design Tool,Impact Analysis,Metadata Management,Sybase Industry Warehouse Studio打包的,數(shù)據(jù)倉庫基礎(chǔ)平臺概述,業(yè)務(wù),模型,物理,模式,元數(shù)據(jù),ETL 工具,例子,報表,算法,ETL Tool Metadata Exchange,Smart ETL Maps (Future),SQL Templates,Cognos,Business Objects,MicroStrategy,Business Models focused on Key Industry Events,Enterprise-wide, Star

7、 Schema-based design,IWS產(chǎn)品介紹,TABLE,TABLE,TABLE,TABLE,TABLE,Industry-specific,Data Models,Data,Warehouse,“Open RDBMS*”,ORACLE, IBM, MICROSOFT, NCR, SYBASE, etc.,BI Partners,Sample Applications,Analytical CRM,Sales Analysis,Customer Profiling,Campaign Analysis,Customer Care Analysis,Loyalty Analysis,B

8、usiness,Performance,Analysis,Industry Specific,Sample Data,General -,Representative,Systems,Integrators Guide,Project Plans,Implementation,Protocol,e.g. Informatica,ETL Tool,Warehouse Architect,Multi-Dimensional Design Tool,SQL Sample,Reports,Warehouse Control Center,Meta Data Management,客戶構(gòu)成,分析,營銷活

9、動,分析,客戶興趣,分析,忠誠度,分析,銷售,分析,行業(yè)相關(guān)的,經(jīng)營業(yè)績分析,收益率,分析,EVT_TYP_ID = EVT_TYP_ID,PRD_ID = PRD_ID,ENTY_ID = ENTY_ID,ENTY_ID = EMP_ID,GEO_ID = GEO_ID,LANGUAGE_ID = LANGUAGE_ID,PRODUCT_ID = PRODUCT_ID,DEMO_ID = DEMO_ID,ENTY_ID = V_E_ENTY_ID,ENTY_ID = ENTY_ID,ENTY_ID = F_C_ENTY_ID,COR_EVT_TYP_ID = COR_EVT_TYP_ID,C

10、OR_RPT_STRC_ID = COR_RPT_STRC_ID,ENTY_ID = CNTC_RSOL_EMP_ID,GEO_ID = GEO_ID,FNCL_SCOR_ID = FNCL_SCOR_ID,MEASURE_UNIT_ID = MEASURE_UNIT_ID,COR_EVT_TXN_ID = COR_EVT_TXN_ID,LANGUAGE_ID = LANGUAGE_ID,COR_EVT_TXN_SEQ_NB = COR_EVT_TXN_SEQ_NB,PN_BHVR_SCOR_ID = PN_BHVR_SCOR_ID,PRODUCT_ID = PRODUCT_ID,DEMO_I

11、D = DEMO_ID,ENTY_ID = ENTY_ID,FNCL_SCOR_ID = FNCL_SCOR_ID,MEASURE_UNIT_ID = MEASURE_UNIT_ID,DEMO_ID = DEMO_ID,PRODUCT_ID = PRODUCT_ID,PN_BHVR_SCOR_ID = PN_BHVR_SCOR_ID,LANGUAGE_ID = LANGUAGE_ID,FNCL_SCORES_ID = FNCL_SCOR_ID,MEASURE_UNIT_ID = D_M_MEASURE_UNIT_ID,MEASURE_UNIT_ID = MEASURE_UNIT_ID,GEO_

12、ID = GEO_ID,COR_RPT_STRC_ID = COR_RPT_STRC_ID,EVT_TYP_ID = COR_EVT_TYP_ID,ENTY_ID = F_C_ENTY_ID,GEO_ID = GEO_ID,LANGUAGE_ID = LANGUAGE_ID,EVT_TYP_ID = EVT_TYP_ID,DV_HR_EVT_TYPE,EVT_TXN_ID,INTEGER,EVT_TYP_ID,INTEGER,EVT_TYP_SHRT_NM,CHAR,EVT_TYP_FULL_NM,char,EVT_TYP_CAT_SHRT_N,CHAR,EVT_TYP_CAT_FULL_N,

13、char,F_HR_EVT,V_E_ENTY_ID,INTEGER,V_E2_ENTY_ID,INTEGER,EVT_DT_PRD_ID,INTEGER,ADMIN,INTEGER,EVT_EMP_ID,INTEGER,EVT_EMP_DEMO,INTEGER,EVT_ADMIN_DEMO,INTEGER,CORE_EXT_ID,INTEGER,CORE_RPTG_STRUC,INTEGER,GEO_ID,INTEGER,MU_ID,INTEGER,FIN_SCORE_ID,INTEGER,LANGUAGE_ID,INTEGER,PB_SCORE_ID,INTEGER,F_C_ENTY_ID,

14、INTEGER,PRODUCT_ID,INTEGER,DEMO_ID,INTEGER,EMP_ID,INTEGER,CDEX_SEQ_NO,INTEGER,QTY,integer,F_CORE_EVT,COR_EVT_TXN_ID,INTEGER,COR_EVT_TYP_ID,INTEGER,D_M_MEASURE_UNIT_ID,INTEGER,COR_RPT_STRC_ID,INTEGER,GEO_ID,INTEGER,MEASURE_UNIT_ID,INTEGER,FNCL_SCOR_ID,INTEGER,LANGUAGE_ID,INTEGER,PN_BHVR_SCOR_ID,INTEG

15、ER,PRODUCT_ID,INTEGER,DEMO_ID,INTEGER,ENTY_ID,INTEGER,V_E_ENTY_ID,INTEGER,COR_EVT_TXN_SEQ_NB,NUMBER,PRD_ID,INTEGER,AMOUNT,NUMBER,D_CORE_EVT_TYP,EVT_TYP_ID,INTEGER,EVT_TYP_SHRT_NAM,VARCHAR(15),EVT_TYP_LONG_NAM,VARCHAR(35),EVT_TYP_SUBTYP_NAM,VARCHAR(15),D_CORE_RPT_STRC,COR_RPT_STRC_ID,INTEGER,HOLDING_

16、COMPANY,VARCHAR(35),ORG_TYPE,VARCHAR(20),ORG_NAME,VARCHAR(35),REGION,VARCHAR(20),SALES_TEAM_TYPE,VARCHAR(15),SALES_TEAM,VARCHAR(15),SALES_PERSON_NAME,char,SALES_PERSON_GRADE,CHAR,SALES_PERSON_TYPE,CHAR,CHNL_CATEGORY1,char(18),CHNL_TYPE,CHAR,CHNL_SUBCAT,CHAR,CHNL_NAME,char,CHNL_CEASED_TRD_DT,DATE,CHN

17、L_ENTY_ID,INTEGER,CHNL_CITY,VARCHAR(20),CHNL_POSTCODE,VARCHAR(20),BEGIN_DATE_PRD_ID,INTEGER,END_DATE_PRD_ID,INTEGER,D_GEOGRAPHY,GEO_ID,INTEGER,ALL_ENTRIES,CHAR,POSTAL_CODE,CHAR VARYING(15),CITY,char,POSTAL_CD_PFX,char(3),HZRD_WTHR_AREA,CHAR,HZD_WTHR_TYPE,CHAR,DMA_CODE,CHAR,SMSA_CODE,CHAR,ST_PROV_ARE

18、A,CHAR,TV_REGION,CHAR,NTL_RADIO_AREA,CHAR,LCL_RADIO_AREA,CHAR,REGION,CHAR,COUNTRY,char(3),CONTINENTY_ABBR,char(3),GEO_SUB_CNTNT_ABBR,char(3),SMRY_EFF_DT,INTEGER,SMRY_END_DT,INTEGER,PRISN_ADRS_IND,CHAR,D_MSR_UNIT,MEASURE_UNIT_ID,INTEGER,SHRT_DESC,char(6),LONG_DESC,char(20),D_DEMOGRAPHICS,DEMO_ID,INTE

19、GER,ALL_ENTRIES,CHAR,INCOME_BAND,VARCHAR(50),AGE_BAND,VARCHAR(50),GNDR,CHAR,MRTL_STAT,CHAR,HIGH_VALUE_INDICAT,CHAR,ACMDTN_CTGRY,CHAR,NBR_IN_HH_BAND,VARCHAR(50),CHLD_AT_HOME_BAND,VARCHAR(50),SIZE_CLS,CHAR,LEGAL_ORG_TYPE,CHAR,NBR_EMP_BAND,VARCHAR(50),SECTOR_CLS,CHAR,MAIL_PRMSN_IND,CHAR,TELMKT_PRMSN_IN

20、D,CHAR,D_FNCL_SCOR,FNCL_SCORES_ID,INTEGER,INTERNAL_FNCL_SCOR,VARCHAR(50),EXPERIAN_SCOR_BAND,VARCHAR(50),SCOR_N_BAND,VARCHAR(50),PRFT_IND_BAND,VARCHAR(50),DEBT_INCOME_RATIO,NUMBER,D_LANGUAGE,LANGUAGE_ID,INTEGER,ISO_LANG_CODE,CHAR,ISO_LANG_NAME,char,LANG_GROUP,VARCHAR(20),D_PN_BHVR_SCOR,PN_BHVR_SCOR_I

21、D,INTEGER,SCORE1_BAND,VARCHAR(20),SCORE_N_BAND,VARCHAR(20),D_PRODUCT,PRODUCT_ID,INTEGER,ENTY_ID,INTEGER,PRODUCT_LINE,CHAR,PRODUCT_GROUP,CHAR,PRODUCT_CODE,CHAR,PRODUCT_NAME,CHAR,PD_VARIANT_CODE,CHAR,PRODUCT_VARIANT,VARCHAR(35),GRP_INDV_IND,CHAR,PD_START_PRD_ID,INTEGER,PD_END_PRD_ID,INTEGER,F_SALES_EV

22、ENT,EVT_TXN_ID,INTEGER,EVT_TYP_ID,INTEGER,RPT_STRC_ID,INTEGER,MEASURE_UNIT_ID,INTEGER,FNCL_SCOR_ID,INTEGER,PN_BHVR_SCOR_ID,INTEGER,ENTY_ID,INTEGER,EMP_ID,INTEGER,EVT_TXN_SEQ_NBR,INTEGER,F_CUS_CNTC_EVT,V_E_ENTY_ID,INTEGER,CUS_CNTC_ID,INTEGER,D_C_CTCT_RSOL_ID,INTEGER,LGCY_SYS_CUS_CNTC,INTEGER,CUS_CNTC

23、_REF,char,CUS_CNTC_EVT_ID,INTEGER,F_C_ENTY_ID,INTEGER,CUS_STSF_RT_ID,INTEGER,CNTC_INIT_DT_ID,INTEGER,HOUR_ID,INTEGER,MINUTE_ID,INTEGER,INIT_CNTC_EMP,char,COR_EVT_TXN_ID,INTEGER,COR_EVT_TYP_ID,INTEGER,COR_RPT_STRC_ID,INTEGER,GEO_ID,INTEGER,MEASURE_UNIT_ID,INTEGER,FNCL_SCOR_ID,INTEGER,LANGUAGE_ID,INTE

24、GER,PN_BHVR_SCOR_ID,INTEGER,PRODUCT_ID,INTEGER,DEMO_ID,INTEGER,CNTC_RSOL_EMP_ID,INTEGER,CUS_ID,INTEGER,SRSNS_CUS_CO_ID,INTEGER,DV_EMP,ENTY_ID,INTEGER,RPT_STRC_ID,INTEGER,GEO_ID,INTEGER,ADR_ID,INTEGER,EMP_DEMO_ID,INTEGER,EMP_NAME_PFX,CHAR,EMP_SNAME,VARCHAR(15),EMP_FNAME,VARCHAR(15),EMP_MNAME,VARCHAR(

25、15),EMP_NAME_SFX,CHAR,EMP_NTL_INS_NBR,CHAR,EMP_HOME_TEL_NBR,CHAR,EMP_PRIM_FAX_NBR,CHAR,EMP_EMAIL_ID,INTEGER,EMP_DOB,DATE,EMP_GNDR,CHAR,EMP_MRTL_STAT,CHAR,EMP_LIFE_STAT,CHAR,EMP_PREF_LANG,VARCHAR(20),F_CPGN_CNTC_EVT,CCE_ID,INTEGER,PROMO_EPSD_ID,INTEGER,ENTY_ID,INTEGER,CNTC_PRD_ID,integer,CCH_COUNT,IN

26、TEGER,CORE_EVT_TYPE_ID,INTEGER,COR_RPTG_STRUCT_ID,INTEGER,GEO_ID,INTEGER,MU_ID,INTEGER,FINANCIAL_SCORE_ID,INTEGER,LANGUAGE_ID,INTEGER,PB_SCORE_ID,INTEGER,PRODUCT_ID,INTEGER,DEMO_ID,INTEGER,EMP_ID,INTEGER,COR_EVT_TX_SEQ_NO,SMALLINT,TRGT_GRP,char(3),CORE_EVENTY_TYPE_ID,INTEGER,CNTCT_CNTRL_GRP_IN,CHAR,

27、CCE_RESULT,CHAR,P_PSYCH_ID,INTEGER,AFFILIATION_ID,int,PA_ID,INTEGER,CC_COMM_EVT_AMT,decimal(10,2),D_TIME_PERIOD,PRD_ID,INTEGER,DT_NA,char(4),DATE,DATE,DAY_NAME,char(8),DAY_ABR,char(3),DAY_IN_WEEK,SMALLINT,DAY_IN_MONTH,SMALLINT,DAY_IN_YEAR,SMALLINT,WEEK_IN_MONTH,SMALLINT,WEEK_IN_YEAR,SMALLINT,CLNT_SV

28、C_WK_IN_YR,char(18),MONTH_NAME,char(10),MONTH_ABR,char(3),MONTH_IN_YEAR,SMALLINT,CALENDAR_QTR,char(6),MONTH_IN_QTR,SMALLINT,WEEK_IN_QTR,SMALLINT,DAY_IN_QTR,SMALLINT,FINANCIAL_QTR,char(6),COMPETITOR_FSCL_YR,char(6),MONTH_IN_FNCL_QTR,SMALLINT,WEEK_IN_FNCL_QTR,SMALLINT,DAY_IN_FNCL_QTR,SMALLINT,SEMI_YEA

29、RLY,SMALLINT,YEAR_NAME,char(18),YEAR_ABR,char(4),SEASON_NAME,char(18),SEASON_ABR,char(6),NBR_DAYS_SINCE_90,integer,HOLIDAY_IND,CHAR,XMAS_HLDY_IND,CHAR,EASTER_HLDY_IND,CHAR,D_CPGN_COM_EVT_TYP,EVT_TYP_ID,INTEGER,CPGN_COMM_DESC,CHAR,分析型,CRM,經(jīng)營業(yè)績管理,Sybase Industry Warehouse Studio,分析型應(yīng)用框架,Time,資源,搜集需求,理

30、解業(yè)務(wù)線,設(shè)計(jì)模式,ETL 模板,構(gòu)造分析需求,實(shí)施,測試,用戶反饋,精練,測試,第,二代倉庫,典型的數(shù)據(jù)倉庫,項(xiàng)目從這里開始,Sybase IWS 提供的時間上的價值,快速啟動數(shù)據(jù)倉庫項(xiàng)目,搜集需求,理解業(yè)務(wù)線,設(shè)計(jì)模式,ETL 模板,構(gòu)造分析查詢,實(shí)施,測試,第,一代倉庫,Sybase IWS,從這里開始,IWS,節(jié)省,3 到 6,個月,更多的價值 =,更快地訪問信息,Sybase Industry Warehouse StudioValue Proposition 回顧,預(yù)先建立的業(yè)務(wù)和物理模型優(yōu)化了項(xiàng)目進(jìn)度的安排和加快了對數(shù)據(jù)的訪問,基于經(jīng)過驗(yàn)證的實(shí)施經(jīng)驗(yàn)和行業(yè)經(jīng)驗(yàn),設(shè)計(jì)和方法論是可擴(kuò)

31、展/可定制的,安全,企業(yè)范圍,數(shù)據(jù)庫獨(dú)立,面向行業(yè),集成的模型和基礎(chǔ)平臺,靈巧,節(jié)省資源 一半的投入,節(jié)省時間 更快的實(shí)施,節(jié)省資金 降低成本,節(jié)省,數(shù)據(jù)倉庫系統(tǒng)體系架構(gòu),Relational,Package,Legacy,External,source,Data,Clean,Tool,Source Data,Data,Staging,WareHouse,Admin.,Tools,Enterprise,Data,Warehouse,Data Extraction,Transformation,and load,Datamart,Datamart,Enterprise/,Central,Data

32、,Warehouse,RDBMS,ROLAP,RDBMS,Dimension Modeling,Conformed dimension&fact,Including atomic&aggregate,Architected,Datamarts,Central,Metadata,Data,Modeling,Tool,End-User,Tool,End-User,Tool,MDB,End-User,Tool,End-User,Tool,Local Metadata,Local Metadata,Adaptive Server IQ Multiplex,是專門為滿足數(shù)據(jù)倉庫和商務(wù)智能設(shè)計(jì)的高性能的關(guān)

33、系數(shù)據(jù)庫系統(tǒng)。,IQ Multiplex,的主要特點(diǎn)是：,高可擴(kuò)展性,支持?jǐn)?shù)以千計(jì)的并發(fā)用戶存取,TB,級的數(shù)據(jù)。,突破性的速度,閃電般的查詢速度，比傳統(tǒng),RDBMS,快,10 100,倍以上。,無限的靈活性,支持任意類型的即席查詢。,最低的擁有總成本,高效的數(shù)據(jù)壓縮存儲，達(dá)到,30% 60%,；簡單的維護(hù)和管理。,集成的主要產(chǎn)品,Design,Warehouse Architect,Manage,Sybase ASIQM,Integrate,Informatica,Enterprise Connect,Replication Server,PowerMart,Visualize,Bo、Bri

34、o,Cognos,SPSS,Administer,Warehouse Control Center,Warehouse,Control,Centre,Sybase數(shù)據(jù)倉庫相關(guān)產(chǎn)品集的構(gòu)成,Relational,Package,Legacy,External,source,Data,Clean,Tool,Source Data,Data,Staging,WareHouse,Admin.,Tools,Enterprise,Data,Warehouse,Data Extraction,Transformation,and load,Datamart,Datamart,Enterprise/,Cent

35、ral,Data,Warehouse,RDBMS,ROLAP,RDBMS,RDBMS, Star Schema,Architected,Datamarts,Central,Metadata,Data,Modeling,Tool,End-User,Tool,End-User,Tool,MDB,End-User,Tool,End-User,Tool,Local Metadata,Local Metadata,PowerCenter,PowerMart,Sybase IQM,Sybase IQM,Brio/BO,PowerMart,Warehouse,Architect,WCC,Cognos,設(shè)計(jì):

36、 成功的關(guān)鍵,數(shù)據(jù)庫的設(shè)計(jì)對數(shù)據(jù)倉庫系統(tǒng)的整體性能、裝載和,建立索引的時間以及數(shù)據(jù)量的增長等的影響超過,任何其它方面。,數(shù)據(jù)倉庫設(shè)計(jì),在支持分析和決策的查詢環(huán)境中，使業(yè)務(wù)用戶可以,訪問，理解和利用數(shù)據(jù),以業(yè)務(wù)用戶理解和運(yùn)用信息的方式組織數(shù)據(jù),可預(yù)見的查詢方式,基于時間的,匯總的數(shù)據(jù),向下/上的鉆取（Drill-down / drill-up）,多維模型設(shè)計(jì),傳統(tǒng)的數(shù)據(jù)建模方法(如ER,模型)可能非常復(fù)雜且不易理解,按照最終用戶的想法定義信息 (以查詢?yōu)橹行慕?,Star(星型), Snowflake(雪花型)，Constellation(星座型)，Snowstorm(雪暴型),Facts(,

37、事實(shí))： 可度量數(shù)據(jù)，如 數(shù)量、價格,Dimensions(維)：用于分類Fact的詳細(xì)數(shù)據(jù),Grocery Transaction,Store Number,Transaction Date,Customer,Product,Quantity,Amount,Customer,Customer,From Date,To Date,First Name,Last Name,Address 1,Address 2,Address 3,City,State,Country,Postal Code,Time,Transaction Date,Store,Store Number,Store Name,

38、City,State,Country,Telephone,Product,Product,Description,Category,Fact Table,Dimension,Tables,Dimension,Tables,多維模型: 星型模式,Grocery Transaction,Store Number,Transaction Date,Customer,Product,Quantity,Amount,Customer,Customer,First Name,Last Name,Address 1,Address 2,Address 3,City,State,Country,Postal

39、Code,Customer Category,Time,Transaction Date,Store,Store Number,Store Name,City,State,Country,Telephone,Region,Product,Product,Description,Category,Product Category,Product Category,Description,Region,Region,Description,Sales Period,Period Identifier,Sales Period,From Date,To Date,Customer Category,

40、Category,Customer Category,為了避免數(shù)據(jù)冗余, 用多張表來描述一個復(fù)雜維,在星型模式的基礎(chǔ)上, 構(gòu)造維表的多層結(jié)構(gòu),多維模型: 雪花模式,Grocery Transaction,Store Number,Transaction Date,Customer,Product,Purchase Quantity,Amount,Customer,Customer,First Name,Last Name,Address 1,Address 2,Address 3,City,State,Country,Postal Code,Customer Category,Time,Tra

41、nsaction Date,Store,Store Number,Store Name,City,State,Country,Telephone,Region,Product,Product,Description,Category,Product Line,Sales Period,Period Identifier,Sales Period,From Date,To Date,Customer Category,Category,Customer Category,Product Purchases,Product,Purchase Date,Supplying Vendor,Purcha

42、se Order,Unit Quantity,Purchase Cost,Vendor,Vendor,Vendor Name,Address 1,Address 2,Address 3,City,State,Country,Postal Code,Product Inventory,Product,Warehouse Location,Quantity On Hand,Quantity Back Ordered,Warehouse,Warehouse,Address 1,Address 2,Address 3,City,State,Country,Postal Code,具有多個事實(shí)表,多維模

43、型: 星座模式,Grocery Transaction,Store Number,Transaction Date,Customer,Product,Purchase Quantity,Amount,Customer,Customer,First Name,Last Name,Address 1,Address 2,Address 3,City,State,Country,Postal Code,Customer Category,Time,Transaction Date,Store,Store Number,Store Name,City,State,Country,Telephone,R

44、egion,Product,Product,Description,Category,Product Line,Product Category,Product Category,Description,Region,Region,Description,Sales Period,Period Identifier,Sales Period,From Date,To Date,Customer Category,Category,Customer Category,Promotion Period,Promotion Id,Promotion,From Date,To Date,Product

45、 Line,Product Line ID,Description,Product Purchases,Product,Purchase Date,Supplying Vendor,Purchase Order,Unit Quantity,Purchase Cost,Vendor,Vendor,Vendor Name,Address 1,Address 2,Address 3,City,State,Country,Postal Code,Product Inventory,Product,Warehouse Location,Quantity On Hand,Quantity Back Ord

46、ered,Warehouse,Warehouse,Address 1,Address 2,Address 3,City,State,Country,Postal Code,具有多個事實(shí)表與多層維表,多維模型: 雪暴模式,數(shù)據(jù)模型中的事實(shí)和維度,事實(shí)和維的概念對應(yīng)于:,數(shù)據(jù)倉庫數(shù)據(jù)庫中的數(shù)據(jù)模型對象,星型模式（Star schema）,DSS / OLAP 系統(tǒng)中的數(shù)據(jù)模型對象,多維模型（Multidimensional model）,Sales fact,Sales measures,Time dimension,Attributes of the time dimension,星型模式-St

47、ar Schema,Sales Cube,Sales measures,(Metrics),Time dimension,Attributes of thetime dimension,多維模型-Multidimensional Model,數(shù)據(jù)倉庫設(shè)計(jì)工具WarehouseArchitect,為數(shù)據(jù)倉庫的設(shè)計(jì)提供三大功能：,多維建模,度量、維、屬性,事實(shí)表，維表,維層次表，事實(shí)層次表,設(shè)計(jì)向?qū)?聚合（Aggregation Wizard）,分片（Partitioning Wizard）,逆向工程數(shù)據(jù)源,優(yōu)化代碼生成,目標(biāo)數(shù)據(jù)倉庫引擎（IQM，RDBMS),OLAP,分析環(huán)境,Time ide

48、ntifier = Time identifier,Product identifier = Product identifier,Customer identifier = Customer identifier,Store identifier = Store identifier,Customer,Customer identifier,double,Customer name,char(30),Sales Fact,Product identifier,double,Time identifier,double,Customer identifier,double,Store iden

49、tifier,double,Sales total,real,Profits,real,Store,Store identifier,double,Store name,char(50),Time,Time identifier,double,Date,timestamp,Month,char(50),Quarter,double,Year,double,Product,Product identifier,double,Product description,char(80),WarehouseArchitect,WarehouseArchitect,Data Warehouse or Da

50、ta Mart,Database,Operational Source,OLAP,Engine,Interface,External Objects,Decision Support / OLAP Model (WA Multidimensional Hierarchy),Dimensional,Analysis,Transformation,Relational,and/or,Dimensional,Analysis,Data Warehouse Model (WAM),WarehouseArchitect的支持范圍,數(shù)據(jù)倉庫設(shè)計(jì)-小結(jié),WarehouseArchitect,對數(shù)據(jù)倉庫設(shè)計(jì)過

51、程的每一步都提供支持：,數(shù)據(jù)源中的元數(shù)據(jù)導(dǎo)入。,設(shè)計(jì)和優(yōu)化數(shù)據(jù)倉庫的數(shù)據(jù)模型（星型模式/多維模型）。,與抽取、轉(zhuǎn)換工具對接，實(shí)施數(shù)據(jù)移動。,基于數(shù)據(jù)倉庫模型，為前端DSS/OLAP,工具生成所需的數(shù)據(jù)立方體。,為設(shè)計(jì)過程的每一步生成文檔和報告。,數(shù)據(jù)存儲、管理,挑戰(zhàn),數(shù)據(jù)規(guī)模,查詢性能,裝載速度,易于管理,存取訪問,成功的關(guān)鍵,快速，高效數(shù)據(jù)存儲技術(shù),出色的查詢性能 - 特殊的索引,技術(shù)，并行查詢,可伸縮性 - GB 到 TB 級,易于管理 - 方便，靈活，GUI,存取訪問 - 數(shù)據(jù)隨時可用,數(shù)據(jù)管理,解決的方案,通用的關(guān)系數(shù)據(jù)庫系統(tǒng),專門的數(shù)據(jù)倉庫服務(wù)器,Sybase IQM,專門為數(shù)據(jù)倉庫

52、/數(shù)據(jù)集市設(shè)計(jì)的關(guān)系型數(shù)據(jù)庫,專門針對OLAP/DSS而優(yōu)化的索引和查詢處理技術(shù),Adaptive Server IQM,數(shù)據(jù)存儲： Adaptive Server IQM,垂直存儲技術(shù)(Vertical Partitioning),無處不索引(Index EVERYWHERE),專利的Bit Wise索引技術(shù)跨越Bitmap的限制,多種索引類型：FP,LF,HNG,HG,CMP,WD,低級數(shù)的限制從100擴(kuò)充到1000,數(shù)據(jù)壓縮(通常達(dá)到原始數(shù)據(jù)的 70 - 75%),預(yù)連接的索引提供額外的顯著提高性能手段(Join Index),支持任意設(shè)計(jì)模式,星型、雪花、雪暴、星座模式,普通關(guān)系模式,

53、支持任意加載方式,文件、內(nèi)部數(shù)據(jù)、外部數(shù)據(jù)庫直接加載,開放的接口,Index,傳統(tǒng)RDBMS,Relational Table,Typical RDBMS,數(shù)據(jù)按行存儲,數(shù)據(jù)與索引分開存放,很少的索引類型 -,B-,樹,普通關(guān)系數(shù)據(jù)庫為,OLTP,系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行優(yōu)化,B-tree Index best for retrieving one row at a time,計(jì)算“NY”,州,A類商店的,平均銷售額,當(dāng)表的記錄數(shù)從幾萬條變?yōu)榍f和上億條時，,傳統(tǒng)RDBMS技術(shù)面對的問題:,表掃描的性能極端低下,冗余設(shè)計(jì)代價高昂、查詢讀取的無效字段過多,低級數(shù)類型數(shù)據(jù)上索引的失效,普通索引加載和空間代價，造成

54、不能任意建造,即席查詢的SQL順序?qū)π阅苡酗@著影響,數(shù)值型比較和運(yùn)算，無恰當(dāng)手段加速處理,傳統(tǒng)RDBMS不適合數(shù)據(jù)倉庫,IQM的特殊存儲方式-垂直存儲（按列存儲）,Sybase IQM:,數(shù)據(jù)是按列存儲的，而不是按行存儲,好處:,只存取查詢所需的數(shù)據(jù),數(shù)據(jù)類型是一致的，因而可以很容易被壓縮,數(shù)據(jù)庫易于修改和管理,Sybase IQM:,只讀完成查詢所 涉及到的列,計(jì)算在紐約的“A”,類商店,的平均銷售額,好處:,無須使用其他的技術(shù)，Sybase IQM就可以減少I/O 超過 90%,IQM的特殊存儲方式-垂直存儲（按列存儲）,“How many MALES are NOT INSURED in

55、 CALIFORNIA?,Gender,M,M,F,M,M,-,800 Bytes/Row,10M,ROWS,State,NYCACTMA,CA,-,RDBMS,Insured,YYN,Y,N,MYCA,MNCA,FYNY,MNCA,1,2,4,3,Gender,Insured,State,+,+,1,1,0,1,1,1,0,1,0,1,0,1,10M,Bits,10M Bits x 3 col / 8,16K Page,=,235,I/Os,800 Bytes x 10M,16K Page,=,500,000,I/Os,基本上只能使用表掃描,查詢過程讀取了太多的無效數(shù)據(jù),IQM,Exampl

56、e: I/O 的明顯減少,IQM的索引特點(diǎn),索引即是數(shù)據(jù),沒有索引和數(shù)據(jù)的分別,任何一列可以建立多個索引,系統(tǒng)保證至少會存在一個索引（FP）,索引的選擇和設(shè)計(jì)主要基于：,數(shù)據(jù)的級數(shù)（離散值的個數(shù)）,在查詢中的使用方式,和SQL語句的順序無關(guān),索引的種類,Fast Projection(FP),數(shù)據(jù)壓縮存儲,根據(jù)數(shù)據(jù)的特點(diǎn)會自動使用三種方式中的一種,Low Fast (LF),Bit map 索引,High Non Group (HNG),Bit-wise 索引,High Group (HG),G-Array (包括一個改進(jìn)的B-tree),Compare(CMP),列比較,Word(WD),字

57、符串查找,FP索引有三種內(nèi)部形態(tài),根據(jù)數(shù)據(jù)級數(shù)特征，,IQ自動選擇 FP中最合適的一種表現(xiàn)形式,If 級數(shù) 65536,FP index,If 級數(shù) 256,FFP Index (Fast-Fast Projection),If 級數(shù),Between 256 and 65536,FFFP Index ( Fast-Fast-Fast Projection),FP形式1：FP Index,該列的級數(shù)超過,65536,原始數(shù)據(jù)在磁盤上壓縮存儲,alpha,alpha,beta,gamma,beta,beta,FP形式2：FFP Index,列級數(shù),7,高級數(shù)Bit-Wise索引：,HNG,Sale

58、s in binary form,8 bit,4 bit,2 bit,1 bit,0,1,1,0,1,0,0,1,0,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,1,0,0,1,0,0,1,1,0,1,1,1,1,1,0,0,Sales in HNG form,8 bit,4 bit,2 bit,1 bit,0,1,1,0,1,0,0,1,0,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,1,0,0,1,0,0,1,1,0,1,1,1,1,1,0,0,高基數(shù)分類索引：HG,在Bit-Wise的基礎(chǔ)上增加一個B-Tree，并保證樹在加載時不會重建,最佳使用場合：,多表的連結(jié)查詢Joins,Select Distinct, Cou

59、nt Distinct,Group By，Order by,高級數(shù)分類索引：HG,在任何一塊充滿后，指針被轉(zhuǎn)化,成一個bitmap塊,B-Tree,Index,a,b,c,1,2,4,1011010101001,1010001001001,0010100101010,ptr,加載速度更快；,在數(shù)據(jù)平衡失去后，更好的位圖,優(yōu)化方法；,每減少1,TB,數(shù)據(jù)可以節(jié)省50至100萬美元的硬件投資,AS IQM 的數(shù)據(jù)壓縮與傳統(tǒng)數(shù)據(jù)庫的數(shù)據(jù)膨脹,5 to 10,Times,the,Cost,of IQ-M,1TB數(shù)據(jù)加載到不同數(shù)據(jù)倉庫引擎后占用的空間（索引+數(shù)據(jù)）,IQ Multiplex并發(fā)支持的無限

60、性,IQ （Multiplex） functions,IQ,Compaq,Server,IQ VLM,Unix/NT,VLM Alpha,Server,IQ VLM,Unix,Compaq,Server,IQ VLM,Unix/NT,Compaq,Server,IQ VLM,Unix/NT,IQ,沒有數(shù)據(jù)的重新分布,沒有模式改變的維護(hù)工作,系統(tǒng)同步所需的I/O最小,(為其他并行系統(tǒng)的1/10),Compaq,Server,IQ VLM,Unix/NT,Compaq,Server,IQ VLM,Unix/NT,Compaq,Server,IQ VLM,Unix/NT,IQ,156 CPUs, 160 GB of RAM,48.2 TB of data stored in,22TB,of storage,:,disk/data=0.46,Traditional DBMS (I.e DB2, Teradata) need,300 TB,(disk/data=10),Loading speed: 5-20 Billion records per day,Sun-IQM Reference A